Cornea

The clear "front window" of the eye that transmits and focuses light into the eye. Similar to the lens of a camera, the cornea provides two-thirds of the eye's focusing power. Its five layers must be free of any cloudy or opaque areas to allow proper vision.

Each serves a unique function:
1st layer: Blocks the passage of dust, water and bacteria.
2nd layer: Protects the cornea from injury.
3rd layer: Consisting mostly of water, it gives the cornea its strength, elasticity and form.
4th layer: Serves as a protective barrier against infection and injuries.
5th layer: The innermost layer, it pumps excess fluid out of the middle layer of the cornea.


For proper vision, this transparent, dome-shaped covering of the pupil must be smooth and clear. Scarring caused by eye trauma or congenital disorders can cause the cornea to cloud up, eventually eclipsing eyesight. For children, addressing the problem as soon as possible is critical. During the first four months of life, the eye's ability to absorb light assists in development of the brain's visual pathway.

The Cornea Institute performs the largest number of pediatric cornea and cataract surgeries in the United States each year - 25 to 30 cornea transplants and 70 to 80 surgeries.

The below list are a few of the more common conditions related to the Cornea

• Cataracts
• Glaucoma
• Peters Anomaly